Water Encyclopedia 5V Set

Water Encyclopedia 5V Set

John Wiley & Sons Inc

07/2005

4112

Dura

Inglês

9780471441649

15 a 20 dias

Descrição não disponível.
VOLUME 1. Domestic Water Supply. The Arsenic Drinking Water Crisis in Bangladesh. Bottled Water. Corrosion Control in Drinking Water Systems. Economics of Residential Water Demands. Gray Water Reuse in Households. Water and Human Health. Nitrate Health Effects. Domestic Water Supply-Public-Private Partnership. Methods of Reducing Radon in Drinking Water. Water Reuse. Roof Drainage Hydraulics. Septic Tank Systems. Domestic Solar Water Heaters. Household Drinking Water Treatment and Safe Storage. Virus Transport in the Subsurface. Windmills. Municipal Water Supply. Mixing and Agitation in Water Treatment Systems. Arsenic in Natural Waters. Evaluation of Microbial Components of Biofouling. Threat Agents and Water Biosecurity. Granular Activated Carbon. Competitive Adsorption of Several Organics and Heavy. Metals on Activated Carbon in Water. A Real-Time Hydrological Information System for Cities. Chlorine and Chlorine Residuals. Modeling Chlorine Residuals in Urban Water Distribution Systems. Particulate Matter Removal by Coagulation. Selective Coagulant Recovery from Water Treatment. Plant Residuals Using the Domain Membrane Process. Physical Water Conditioning. Consumer Confidence Reports. Water Conservation Measures. Preventing Well Contamination. Corrosion Control. Cross Connection and Backflow Prevention. Molecular-Based Detection of Cryptosporidium Parvum in Water. Cryptosporidium. Measuring Cryptosporidium Parvum Oocyst Inactivation. Following Disinfection With Ultraviolet Light. Dechlorination. Desalination. Diatomaceous Earth Filtration for Drinking Water. Emerging Waterborne Infectious Diseases. Improving Waterborne Disease Surveillance. Disinfectants. Disinfection. Water Distribution System Operation. Water Quality in Distribution Systems. Design of Water Distribution Systems. What is in Our Drinking Water? The Economics of Water Resources Allocation. Answering the Challenge. Key Causes of Drinking Water Quality Failure in a Rural. Small Water Supply of South Africa. Filtration. Water Filtration. Filtration With Granular Media. Slow Sand Filtration and the Impact of Schmutzdecke. Multistage Drinking Water Filtration. Multistage Filtration: An Innovative Water Treatment. Technology. Particulate Matter Removal by Filtration and Sedimentation. Filtration Water Treatment. Synthetic and Natural Organic Removal by Biological. Filtration. Granular Bed and Precoat Filtration. Flocculation. Fluoridation. Giardiasis. Gravity Separation/Sedimentation. Water Hammer. Health Effects of Commonly Occurring Disinfection. Byproducts in Municipal Water Supplies. Health Effects of Microbial Contaminants and Biotoxins in Drinking Water. Drinking Water and Public Health Protection. 1962 U.S. Public Health Service Standards. Ion Exchange and Demineralization. The State of the Water Industry-2004. Iron and Manganese Removal. Extraterritorial Land Use Control to Protect Water Supplies. Leak Detection and Water Loss Control. Lime-Soda Ash Processes. Lime Softening. Ion Exchange-Use of Magnetic Ion Exchange Resin For Doc Removal. Membrane Filtration. Water Meters. Microbiological Concerns of Drinking Water Distribution Systems. Nitrification of Potable Water Using Trickling Filters. Organic Removal. Ozone. Ozone With Activated Carbon for Drinking Water. Treatment. Ozone-Bromide Interactions. Municipal Water Supply: Ozonation. Review of Parasite Fate and Transport in Karstic Aquifers. Particulate Removal. Pharmaceuticals in Water Systems. Point-of-Use/Point-of-Entry Systems (POU/POE). Assessing the Bactericidal Efficiency of Polydex for the Disinfection of Drinking Water in Rural Areas of South Africa. Private Sector Participation, Marketing and Corporate. Strategies in Municipal Water Supply and Sewerage Pumps. Radionuclides. Use of Redox Potentials in Wastewater Treatment. Repairing Distribution Line Breaks. Role of Small Water Reservoirs in Environment. Reservoirs, Towers, and Tanks Drinking Water Storage Facilities. Water Treatment Plant Residuals Management. Reverse Osmosis, Process Chemistry. Reverse Osmosis, Membrane Foulants. Reverse Osmosis, Membrane Cleaning. Application of Risk Assessments in Crafting Drinking Water Regulations. PotentialRisks of Waterborne Transmission of Escherichia coli O157:H7. Slow Sand Filtration. Approaches for Securing a Water Distribution System. Water Security: An Emerging Issue. Guide to Selection of Water Treatment Processes. Source Water Assessment. Hydraulic Design of Water Distribution Storage Tanks. System Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA). Settling Tanks. Treatment for Technologies for Small Drinking Water Systems. Ultraviolet Disinfection. Ultraviolet Irradiation. Water Disinfection Using UV Radiation-A Sri Lankan Experience. Drinking Water Quality Standards (DWQS)-United States. Valves. Removal of Pathogenic Bacteria, Viruses, and Protozoa. Water Meter. Municipal Watersheds. Public Water Supply World. Ten Key Trends That Will Shape the Future of the World Water Industry. Zebra Mussel Control Without Chemicals. Package Plants. Anaerobic Sewage Treatment. Persistence of Pathogens in Water. Well Head Protection. Chemical Drinking Water Standards, Past, Present, and Future. Industrial Water. Magnetic Water Conditioning. Water Impacts from Construction Sites. Industrial Cooling Water-Biofouling. Industrial Cooling Water-Corrosion. Industrial Cooling Water-Scale Formation. Economics of Industrial Water Demands. Electric Generating Plants-Effects of Contaminants. Energy Dissipation. Water Use in Energy Production. Evaluation of Toxic Properties of Industrial Effluents by On-Line Respirometry. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbon Treatment Techniques. Use of Anaerobic-Aerobic Treatment Systems for Maize Processing Plants. Bonding of Toxic Metal Ions. Application of Microfiltration to Industrial Wastewaters. Water Treatment in Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage. Industrial Mine Use: Mine Waste. Sugarcane Industry Wastewaters Treatment. Estimated Use of Water in The United States in 1990. Industrial Water Use. Waste Water Treatment. Aeration. Fine Bubble Diffused Air Aeration Systems. Air Stripping. Land Applications of Wastewater in Arid Lands: Theory and Case Studies. Technologies for Arsenic Removal from Contaminated Water Sources. Biochemical Oxygen Demand. Molecular Biology Tools for Monitoring Biodiversity in Wastewater Treatment Plants. Biosolids. Integrated Capacity Building Needs for Water Supply and Wastewater Sanitation. Wastewater Characterization. Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment of Wastewater. Getting Our Clean Water Act Together. Inadequate Treatment of Wastewater: A Source of Coliform Bacteria in Receiving Surface Water Bodies in Developing Countries-Case Study: Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Denitrification in The Activated Sludge Process. Detergents. Ecological Wastewater Management. Waste Treatment in Fish Farms. Flotation as A Separation Process. Degradation of Chloro-Organics and Hydrocarbons. Landfill. Landfill Leachates, Part I: Origin and Characterization. Landfill Leachates: Part 2: Treatment. Macrophytes as Biomonitors of Polychlorinated Biphenyls. Wastewater Management for Developing Countries. Mercury Removal From Complex Waste Waters. Metal Speciation and Mobility as Influenced by Landfill. Disposal Practices. Microbial Foaming in the Activated Sludge Process. Introduction to Wastewater Modeling and Treatment. Plant Design. Practical Applications of Wastewater Modeling and Treatment Plant Design. New York City Harbor Survey. Nitrification in the Activated Sludge Process. Effluent Limitations and the NPDES Permit. Odor Abatement in Wastewater Treatment Plants. Aqueous Reactions of Specific Organic Compounds with Ozone. The fate of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in The wastewater Treatment Process. The Role of Organoclay in Water Cleanup. Combined Sewer Overflow Treatment. Biological Phosphorus Removal in the Activated Sludge Process. Photocatalytic Membrane Reactors in Water Purification. EPA's National Pretreatment Program, 1973-2003: Thirty Years of Protecting The Environment. Problems Encountered During Pipe Repair and Renewal. Radioactive Waste. Reclaimed Water. Wastewater Treatment and Recycling Technologies. Wastewater Treatment Processes and Water Reuse. Wastewater Reclamation and Reuse Research. Wastewater Reclamation and Reuse. Wastewater Reclamation and Reuse Treatment Technology. Sewage. Domestic Sewage. Solidification/Stabilization. of Hazardous Solid Wastes. Wastewater Treatment-Small Scale. Microbial Foaming and Bulking in Activated Sludge Plants. Aqueous Behavior of Elements in a Flue Gas Desulfurization. Sludge Disposal Site. Sludge Treatment and Disposal. Wastewater Sludge. Processing of Sludge. Municipal Storm Water Management. What Wastewater Utilities Can Do Now to Guard Against Terrorist and Security Threats. Wastewater Treatment Techniques-Advanced. Trenchless Repair and Rehabilitation Techniques. Basics of Underground Water and Sewer Pipeline. Assessment, Repair, and Rehabilitation. Water Hammer: Quantitative Causes and Effects. Constructed Wetlands. Using Ecosystem Processes in a Constructed Wetland to Treat Mine Wastewater in Ireland. Water and Wastewater Properties and Characteristics. Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment. Sewerage Odors-How to Control. Ultrafiltration-Complexation in Wastewater Treatment. VOLUME 2. Water Quality Control. Acid Mine Drainage-Extent and Character. The Control of Algal Populations in Eutrophic Water Bodies. Arsenic Compounds in Water. Arsenic Health Effects. Background Concentration of Pollutants. Waterborne Bacteria. Water Assessment and Criteria. Physiological Biomarkers and the Trondheim Biomonitoring System. Biomarkers, Bioindicators, and the Trondheim Biomonitoring System. Active Biomonitoring (ABM) by Translocation of Bivalve Molluscs. Biochemical Oxygen Demand and Other Organic Pollution Measures. Biodegradation. Bioluminescent Biosensors for Toxicity Testing. Biomanipulation. Genomic Technologies in Biomonitoring. Macrophytes as Biomonitors of Trace Metals. Biosorption of Toxic Metals. Bromide Influence on Trihalomethane and Haloacetic Acid Formation. Activated Carbon: Ion Exchange and Adsorption Properties. Activated Carbon-Powdered. Chlorination. Chlorination By-Products. Classification and Environmental Quality Assessment in Aquatic Environments. Coagulation and Flocculation in Practice. Colloids and Dissolved Organics: Role in Membrane and Depth Filtration. Column Experiments in Saturated Porous Media Studying Contaminant Transport. Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase as an Indicator of PCB/Dioxin-Like Compounds in Fish. Water Related Diseases. Dishwashing Water Quality Properties. Disinfection By-Product Precursor Removal from Natural Waters. Alternative Disinfection Practices and Future Directions for Disinfection By-Product Minimization. Water Quality Aspects of Dredged Sediment Management. The Economics of Water Quality. Understanding Escherichia Coli O157:H7 and the Need for Rapid Detection in Water. Eutrophication and Organic Loading. Trace Element Contamination in Groundwater of District Hardwar, Uttaranchal, India. Iron Bacteria. Cartridge Filters for Iron Removal. Irrigation Water Quality in Areas Adjoining River Yamuna At Delhi, India. Water Sampling and Laboratory Safety. Municipal Solid Waste Landfills-Water Quality Issues. Land Use Effects on Water Quality. Monitoring Lipophilic Contaminants in the Aquatic Environment using the SPMD-TOX Paradigm. Use of Luminescent Bacteria and the Lux Genes For Determination of Water Quality. Water Quality Management. Water Quality Management and Nonpoint Source Control. Water Quality Management in an Urban Landscape. Water Quality Management in the U.S.: History of Water Regulation. Water Quality Management in a Forested Landscape. Trace Metal Speciation. Metal Ion Humic Colloid Interaction. Heavy Metal Uptake Rates Among Sediment Dwelling Organisms. Methemoglobinemia. Microbial Activities Management. Microbial Dynamics of Biofilms. Microbial Enzyme Assays for Detecting Heavy Metal Toxicity. Microbial Forms in Biofouling Events. Microbiological Quality Control in Distribution Systems. Water Quality Models for Developing Soil Management Practices. Water Quality Modeling-Case Studies. Field Sampling and Monitoring of Contaminants. Water Quality Models: Chemical Principles. Water Quality Models: Mathematical Framework. Environmental Applications with Submitochondrial Particles. Interest in the Use of an Electronic Nose for Field Monitoring of Odors in the Environment. Oil-Field Brine. Oil Pollution. Indicator Organisms. pH. Perchloroethylene (PCE) Removal. A Primer on Water Quality. Overview of Analytical Methods of Water Analyses With Specific Reference to EPA Methods for Priority Pollutant Analysis. Source-Water Protection. Protozoa in Water. Water Quality. Water Quality. Emerging and Recalcitrant Compounds in Groundwater. Road Salt. Review of River Water Quality Modeling Software Tools. River Water Quality Calibration. Salmonella: Monitoring and Detection in Drinking Water. Lysimeter Soil Water Sampling. Regulatory and Security Requirements for Potable Water. A Weight of Evidence Approach to Characterize Sediment Quality Using Laboratory and Field Assays: An Example For Spanish Coasts. Remediation and Bioremediation of Selenium-Contaminated Waters. Shellfish Growing Water Classification. Sorptive Filtration. Quality of Water in Storage. Quality of Water Supplies. The Submitochondrial Particle Assay as a Biological Monitoring Tool. Microscale Test Relationships to Responses to Toxicants in Natural Systems. Toxicity Identification Evaluation. Whole Effluent Toxicity Controls. Development and Application of Sediment Toxicity Tests for Regulatory Purposes. Algal Toxins in Water. Ground Water Quality in Areas Adjoining River Yamuna at Delhi, India. Chlorine Residual. Source Water Quality Management. Dose-Response of Mussels to Chlorine. Metallothioneins as Indicators of Trace Metal Pollution. Amphipod Sediment Toxicity Tests. Ciliated Protists as Test Organisms in Toxicity Assessment. SOFIE: An Optimized Approach for Exposure Tests and Sediment Assays. Passive Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage (Wetlands). Biomarkers and Bioaccumulation: Two Lines of Evidence to Assess Sediment Quality. Lead and its Health Effects. Microbial Detection of Various Pollutants as an Early System for Monitoring of Water Quality and Ecological Integrity of Natural Resources, in Russia. Luminescent Bacterial Biosensors for the Rapid Detection of Toxicants. Development and Application of Sediment. Toxicity Test for Regulatory Purposes. Water Resource Development and Management. Water Resources Challenges in the Arab World. Effluent Water Regulations in Arid Lands. California-Continually the Nation's Leader in Water Use. Lessons from the Rising Caspian. Institutional Aspects of Water Management in China. Will Water Scarcity Limit China's Agricultural Potential? Water and Coastal Resources. Water Use Conservation and Efficiency. Conservation of Water. The Development of American Water Resources: Planners, Politicians, and Constitutional Interpretation. Water Markets: Transaction Costs and Institutional Options. Averting Water Disputes. Water Supply and Water Resources: Distribution System Research. Drought in the Dust Bowl Years. Drought Management Planning. Drought and Water Supply Management. Assessment of Ecological Effects in Water-Limited Environments. Reaching Out: Public Education and Community Involvement in Groundwater Protection. Integration of Environmental Impacts into Water Resources Planning. The Expansion of Federal Water Projects. Flood Control History in the Netherlands. Food and Water in an Emergency. Water Demand Forecasting. Remote Sensing and GIS Application in Water Resources. Globalization of Water. Water Science Glossary of Terms. Harvesting Rainwater. Urban Water Resource and Management in Asia: Ho Chi Minh City. Hydropower-Energy from Moving Water. Water Markets in India: Economic and Institutional Aspects. Water Resources of India. Water Infrastructure and Systems. Overview and Trends in the International Water Market. Best Management Practices for Water Resources. Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM). Management of Water Resources for Drought Conditions. Water Resources Management. NASA Helping to Understand Water Flow in the West. Transboundary Water Conflicts in the Nile Basin. Planning and Managing Water Infrastructure. Application of the Precautionary Principle to Water Science. Water Pricing. Spot Prices, Option Prices, and Water Markets. Water Managed in the Public Trust. Water Recycling and Reuse: The Environmental Benefits. State and Regional Water Supply. River Basin Decisions Support Systems. Water Resource Sustainability: Concepts and Practices. The Provision of Drinking Water and Sanitation in Developing Countries. Sustainable Management of Natural Resources. Sustainable Water Management On Mediterranean Islands: Research and Education. Meeting Water Needs in Developing Countries with Tradable Rights. Water Use in the United States. How We Use Water in These United States. Valuing Water Resources. Water-Here, There, and Everywhere in Canada. Water Conservation-Every Drop Counts in Canada. Ecoregions: A Spatial Framework for Environmental Management. Flood of Portals on Water. Fuzzy Criteria for Water Resources Systems Performance Evaluation. Participatory Multicriteria Flood Management. Water Resources Systems Analysis. VOLUME 3. Surface Water Hydrology. Acidification-Chronic. Episodic Acidification. Acidification of Freshwater Resources. Geochemistry of Acid Mine Drainage. The Aral Sea Disaster: Environment Issues and Nationalist Tensions. Lake Baikal-A Touchstone for Global Change and Rift Studies. Base Flow. River Basins. River Basin Planning and Coordination. Bioaccumulation. Biotic Integrity Index to Evaluate Water Resource Integrity in Freshwater Systems. Reversal of the Chicago River. Flood Control in the Yellow River Basin in China. Chrionomids in Sediment Toxicity Testing. Cienega. Time-Area and The Clark Rainfall-Runoff Transformation. Stream Classification. Coastal Wetlands. Freshwater Colloids. Culvert Design. Dilution-Mixing Zones and Design Flows. Drainage Ditches. Drainage Networks. Dyes As Hydrological Tracers. Flow-duration Curves. Environmental Flows. Eutrophication (Excessive Fertilization). Cultural Eutrophication. Fish Cells in the Toxicological Evaluation of Environmental Contaminants. Fish Consumption Advisories. Fisheries: History, Science, and Management. Factors Affecting Fish Growth and Production. Water Needs for Freshwater Fisheries Management. An Outline of the History of Fishpond Culture in Silesia, the Western Part of Poland. Floods. Flood Control Strucutres. Floods as a Natural Hazard. Flood Source Mapping in Watersheds. Urban Flooding. Floodwater Spreading. Minimum Environmental Flow Regimes. Forensic Hydrogeology. Forests and Wetlands. Rock Glacier. Great Lakes. Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Hydroelectric Reservoirs. Gully Erosion. Potential Health Issues Associated With Blue-Green Algae Blooms in Impoundments, Ponds and Lakes. Heat Balance of Open Waterbodies. Hydraulics. Hydraulics of Pressurized Flow. Hydroelectric Power. Hydroelectric Reservoirs as Anthropogenic Sources of Greenhouse Gases. Hydrologic Persistence and The Hurst Phenomenon. Unit Hydrograph. Hydrological Processes and Measured Pollutant Loads. Hydrologic Thresholds. Ganga River, India. Interception. Kinematic Shock. Kinematic Wave Method For Storm Drainage Design. Kinematic Wave and Diffusion Wave Theories. Kinematic Wave Flow Routing. Reliability Concepts in Reservoir Design. Lakes. The Theory of Alternative Stable States in Shallow Lake Ecosystems. NOAA Lake Level Forecast for Lake Michigan Right on Target. Submerged Aquatic Plants Affect Water Quality in Lakes. Lakes-Discharges To. Lasers Scan Levees from the Air. Levees for Flood Protection. Limnology. Adsorption of Metal Ions On Bed Sediments. Microbiology of Lotic Aggregates and Biofilms. Microorganisms in Their Natural Environment. Calibration of Hydraulic Network Models. Numerical Modeling of Currents. Uncertainty Analysis in Watershed Modeling. Watershed Modeling. Modeling of Water Quality in Sewers. Modeling of Urban Drainage and Stormwater. Modeling Ungauged Watersheds. Corps Turned Niagara Falls Off, On Again. Open Channel Design. Organic Compounds and Trace Elements in Freshwater Streambed Sediment and Fish from the Puget Sound Basin. Impervious Cover-Paving Paradise. Phytoremediation By Constructed Wetlands. Unrecognized Pollutants. Pollution of Surface Waters. Pond Aquaculture-Modeling and Decision Support Systems. Pumping Stations. Regulated Rivers. Reservoirs-Multipurpose. Dam Removal as River Restoration. Riparian Systems. Rivers. River and Water Facts. Sediment Load Measurements. Sedimentation. Sedimentation and Flotation. Reservoir Sedimentation. Water from Saturated River Sediment-Sand Abstraction. Sediment Transport. Stochastic Simulation of Hydrosystems. Storage and Detention Facilities. Urban Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Issues. Rivers and Streams: One-Way Flow System. Streamflow. Water Quality in Surburban Watersheds. Surface Water Pollution. Surface Runoff and Subsurface Drainage. Trace Elements in Water, Sediment, and Aquatic Biota-Effects of Biology and Human Activity. Innovative Pens Hatch Thousands of Trout. Watershed. Combustible Watersheds. Time of Concentration and Travel Time in Watersheds. Watershed Hydrology. Watershed Management for Environmental Quality and Food Security. Water Hyacinth-The World's Most Problematic Weed. Water Quality in Ponds. Water Turbine. Wetlands: Uses, Functions, and Values. Wetlands Overview. Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats of the United States. Urban Runoff. Urban Water Studies. Subglacial Lake Vostok. Water-The Canadian Transporter. Flood Prevention. Effects of DDT in Surface Water on Bird Abundance and Reproduction-A History. Instream Flow Methods. Floodplain. Fish Passage Facilities. Fishing Waters. Land Surface Modeling. Agricultural Water. Animal Farming Operations: Groundwater Quality Issues. Aquaculture Technology for Producers. Biofuel Alternatives to Fossil Fuels. Soil Conservation. Landscape Water-Conservation Techniques. Crop Water Requirements. Agricultural Water Use Efficiency (WUE) and Productivity (WP). Large Area Surface Energy Balance Estimation Using Satellite Imagery. Soil Erosion and Control Practices. Water Table Contribution to Crop Evapotranspiration. Crop Evapotranspiration. Water Pollution From Fish Farms. World's Major Irrigation Areas. Irrigation in The United States. Irrigation Wells. Agriculture and Land Use Planning. Waterlogging. Water Quality Management in an Agricultural Landscape. Classification and Mapping of Agricultural Land for National Water-Quality Assessment. Metal Tolerance in Plants: The Roles of Thiol-Containing Peptides. Microirrigation. Microirrigation: An Approach to Efficient Irrigation. Plant and Microorganism Selection for Phytoremediation of Hydrocarbons and Metals. Nitrate Pollution Prevention. Nitrification. Occurrence of Organochlorine Pesticides in Vegetables Grown on Untreated Soils from an Agricultural Watershed. Pesticide Chemistry in the Environment. Remediation of Pesticide-Contaminated Soil at Agrichemical Facilities. Pesticide Occurrence and Distribution in Relation to Use. Assessment of Pollution Outflow From Large Agricultural Areas. Deep-Well Turbine Pumps. Microbial Quality of Reclaimed Irrigation: International Perspective. Soil Salinity. Maintaining Salt Balance on Irrigated Land. Salt Tolerance. Groundwater Assessment Using Soil Sampling Techniques. Skimmed Groundwater. Soil Moisture Measurement-Neutron. Soil N Management Impact on The Quality of Surface and Subsurface Water. Soil Phosphorus Availability and Its Impact on Surface Water Quality. Soil Water Issues. Water Spreading. Sprinkler Irrigation. Stomates. Crop Water Stress Detection Using Remote Sensing. Vacuum Gauge Tensiometer. Tile Drainage. Tile Drainage: Impacts, Plant Growth, and Water Table Levels. Measuring and Modeling Tree and Stand Level Transpiration. Water Logging: Topographic and Agricultural Impacts. Weed Control Strategies. Screen Filters for Microirrigation. Xeriscape. Media Filters for Microirrigation.
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domestic; bangladesh; crisis; control; corrosion; systems; water; economics; demands; water reuse; households; effects; supplypublicprivate; radon; methods; roof; storage; transport; subsurface; municipal; agitation; treatment